Crochet Foundations

How to Read Crochet Patterns (Abbreviations, Repeats, Brackets, and More)

Nich F.Nich F.
14/June/20259 min read
A crochet pattern book open on a table with yarn and a hook nearby.

📚 Table of Contents

Common Abbreviations (Your New Vocabulary)
Decoding Repeats and Brackets
Understanding Pattern Structure
Gauge: Why It Actually Matters
Tips for Pattern Success

Hello everyone! Today we're diving into something that can feel pretty intimidating when you're starting out – reading crochet patterns. I remember looking at my first pattern and thinking it might as well have been written in another language. All those abbreviations and brackets and asterisks... it looked more like some kind of secret code than instructions for making something beautiful.

But here's the good news – once you understand the basic system, patterns start making a lot more sense. It's kind of like learning to read music or understanding a recipe. The format might seem strange at first, but there's a logic to it that actually makes things easier once you get the hang of it.

Common Abbreviations (Your New Vocabulary)

Let's start with the abbreviations, since these are the building blocks of almost every pattern. Most patterns include a list at the beginning, so don't worry about memorizing everything right away.

The Essential Stitches:

ch

chain

sc

single crochet

hdc

half double crochet

dc

double crochet

sl st

slip stitch

st(s)

stitch(es)

Common Instructions:

rep

repeat

sk

skip

tog

together (for decreases)

inc

increase

dec

decrease

rem

remaining

Decoding Repeats and Brackets

The Secret Code, Revealed!

This is where patterns can look really confusing, but the system of asterisks, brackets, and parentheses actually makes things much clearer once you understand it.

Asterisks (* ... *)

When you see something like '*dc in next 3 sts, ch 1; rep from * across,' it means you repeat the entire sequence between the asterisks over and over.

Brackets ([ ... ])

These group instructions that are all worked into the same stitch or space. For example, '[2 dc, ch 1, 2 dc] in next st' means you work all of those stitches into one single stitch.

Parentheses with Numbers ((...) X times)

This tells you to repeat a small sequence a specific number of times. '(sc, ch 1) 5 times' means you repeat that exact sequence 5 times in a row before moving on.

Understanding Pattern Structure

What to Expect in a Written Pattern

Patterns usually follow a standard format. Knowing the layout makes them less overwhelming. They start with materials and gauge, then get to the instructions, which are broken down by rows or rounds.

An Example Row:

The Instruction: 'Row 1: Ch 2, dc in each st across, turn. (24 dc)'

Let's break this down: 'Ch 2' (make 2 chains), 'dc in each st across' (work one double crochet in every stitch), 'turn' (flip your work), and '(24 dc)' (your final stitch count for the row). That number in parentheses is your best friend for checking your work!

Gauge: Why It Actually Matters

I know, I know, gauge swatches aren't the most exciting part of crocheting, but for fitted items like sweaters or hats, gauge really does matter. The pattern will state something like '16 dc and 8 rows = 4 inches.'

💡 Pro Tip:

Make a swatch with your chosen yarn and hook, then measure it. If your stitches are smaller than the pattern gauge, try a larger hook. If they're bigger, try a smaller hook. For things like scarves or blankets where exact size isn't crucial, you can often get away with skipping this step!

Tips for Pattern Success

Your Toolkit for Happy Crocheting

Here are a few habits that will make your life much easier as you tackle more patterns.

Read the Whole Pattern First

I know it's tempting to jump right in, but reading it all helps you understand the construction and spot any new techniques you might need to practice.

Mark Your Progress

Use a row counter, a pencil, or a digital app. It's so easy to lose track, especially in long patterns. Trust me on this one!

Highlight Your Size

If a pattern includes multiple sizes, circle or highlight the numbers for your size before you start. This prevents so much confusion!

Don't Be Afraid to Look Things Up

If you see a new stitch, just search for it online. There are amazing video tutorials for almost every crochet term imaginable.

The most important thing is to be patient with yourself. Every single crocheter has been where you are, puzzling over abbreviations and wondering if they're reading things correctly. Take it one stitch at a time, trust your instincts, and remember that patterns are just guides. You've got this!

You Deserve This:

Craft Cute, Create Joy

You Deserve This:

Craft Cute, Create Joy

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